statue of liberty paris vs new york

So there you have it, all the Statue of Liberty replicas in Paris. "The New Colossus" tablet is accompanied by a tablet given by the Emma Lazarus Commemorative Committee in 1977, celebrating the poet's life. [136] In 1982, it was announced that the statue was in need of considerable restoration. President Cleveland headed the procession, then stood in the reviewing stand to see bands and marchers from across America. It is a Greco-Roman style depiction of Libertas, the Roman goddess of liberty, who holds up a lit torch in one hand and a tablet depicting . The statue has welcomed millions of people to the country. [6], In 1984, the Statue of Liberty was designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site. One immigrant who arrived from Greece recalled: I saw the Statue of Liberty. He claimed over 80,000 contributors, but failed to reach the goal. As the parade passed the New York Stock Exchange, traders threw ticker tape from the windows, beginning the New York tradition of the ticker-tape parade. [32][37] An advantage of this choice was that the entire statue would be light for its volume, as the copper need be only 0.094 inches (2.4mm) thick. It was originally to be crowned with a pileus, the cap given to emancipated slaves in ancient Rome. The Statue of Liberty located on the New York Harbor's Liberty Island in New York City was inaugurated on October 18, 1886. [47] The arm did not arrive in Philadelphia until August; because of its late arrival, it was not listed in the exhibition catalogue, and while some reports correctly identified the work, others called it the "Colossal Arm" or "Bartholdi Electric Light". The Liberty Statue at muse d'Orsay. [123], In 1924, President Calvin Coolidge used his authority under the Antiquities Act to declare the statue a national monument. 1886), by Herbert Filmer On the occasion of theWorld Fair of 1900, sculptorAuguste Bartholdi cast in bronze a model of the same size as the initial plaster,and he offered it to the Muse du Luxembourg in Paris 6. [104] After the skin was completed, landscape architect Frederick Law Olmsted, co-designer of Manhattan's Central Park and Brooklyn's Prospect Park, supervised a cleanup of Bedloe's Island in anticipation of the dedication. The erected statue does stride over a broken chain, half-hidden by her robes and difficult to see from the ground. Brooklyn Museum. [202] An image of the statue was chosen for the American Eagle platinum bullion coins in 1997, and it was placed on the reverse, or tails, side of the Presidential Dollar series of circulating coins. The Liberty statue project was not the only such undertaking that had difficulty raising money: construction of the obelisk later known as the Washington Monument sometimes stalled for years; it would ultimately take over three-and-a-half decades to complete. [181] As agreed in an 1834 compact between New York and New Jersey that set the state border at the bay's midpoint, the original islands remain New York territory though located on the New Jersey side of the state line. [163] Although the storm did not harm the statue, it destroyed some of the infrastructure on both Liberty and Ellis Islands, including the dock used by the ferries that ran to Liberty and Ellis Islands. In order to honor these achievements, Laboulaye proposed that a gift be built for the United States on behalf of France. [207] The New York Rangers of the National Hockey League depicted the statue's head on their third jersey, beginning in 1997. [13] The Port Said Lighthouse was built instead, by Franois Coignet in 1869. According to the National Park Service, the idea of a monument presented by the French people to the United States was first proposed by douard Ren de Laboulaye, president of the French Anti-Slavery Society and a prominent and important political thinker of his time. . This quarter-sizestatue was given by the American community in Paris to commemorate the centennial of the French Revolution. [78] In form, it is a truncated pyramid, 62 feet (19m) square at the base and 39.4 feet (12.0m) at the top. [166] Ellis Island remained closed for repairs for several more months but reopened in late October 2013. Elias-Glacier Bay-Tatshenshini-Alsek, Waterton-Glacier International Peace Park, The 20th-Century Architecture of Frank Lloyd Wright, La Fortaleza and San Juan National Historic Site in Puerto Rico, History of the National Register of Historic Places, National Register of Historic Places Portal, Leslie-Lohman Museum of Gay and Lesbian Art, New York Public Library for the Performing Arts, Malcolm X and Dr. Betty Shabazz Memorial and Educational Center, Ambassadors of France to the United States, Ambassadors of the United States to France, Permanent Mission of France to the United Nations, United Nations Security Council Resolution 135, Anti-French sentiment in the United States, Committee of American Students of the School of Beaux-Arts, Paris, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Statue_of_Liberty&oldid=1133454114, Allegorical sculptures in the United States, Artworks in the collection of the National Park Service, Buildings and structures completed in 1886, Historic American Engineering Record in New York City, History of immigration to the United States, Lighthouses on the National Register of Historic Places in New York (state), National Park Service areas in New York City, National Register of Historic Places in Manhattan, New York City Designated Landmarks in Manhattan, United States Declaration of Independence in art, CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown, Short description is different from Wikidata, Wikipedia indefinitely semi-protected pages, Wikipedia indefinitely move-protected pages, All Wikipedia articles written in American English, Pages using Sister project links with default search, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, The Statue of Liberty Enlightening the World, Statue of Liberty National Monument, Ellis Island and Liberty Island, Foundation of pedestal (ground level) to tip of torch, Height of copper statue (to torch): 151feet 1inch (46 meters), From ground level to torch: 305feet 1inch (93 meters), A plaque on the copper just under the figure in front declares that it is a colossal statue representing Liberty, designed by Bartholdi and built by the Paris firm of Gaget, Gauthier et Cie (, A presentation tablet, also bearing Bartholdi's name, declares the statue is a gift from the people of the Republic of France that honors "the Alliance of the two Nations in achieving the Independence of the United States of America and attests their abiding friendship.". [41] The announcement provoked a generally favorable reaction in France, though many Frenchmen resented the United States for not coming to their aid during the war with Prussia. The statue was the focal point for Operation Sail, a regatta of tall ships from all over the world that entered New York Harbor on July 4, 1976, and sailed around Liberty Island. [208] The National Collegiate Athletic Association's 1996 Men's Basketball Final Four, played at New Jersey's Meadowlands Sports Complex, featured the statue in its logo. Except Tour Guides", "Circle Line Loses Pact for Ferries to Liberty Island", "NPS: Liberty and Ellis Island ferry map", "Frequently asked questions: Reserving tickets to visit the crown", "Liberty Statue Made a National Monument, Its Base a Park, by Coolidge Proclamation", "Ellis Island Finds Shelter With Miss Liberty", "Proclamation 3656 Adding Ellis Island to the Statue of Liberty National Monument", "Collections: American Art: Replica of the Statue of Liberty, from Liberty Storage & Warehouse, 4347 West 64th Street, NYC", "New York-New York, it's a Las Vegas town", "This Lady Liberty is a Las Vegas teenager", "State to start issuing new license plates July 1", "Final Four: States put aside their rivalry and try a little cooperation", "The Statue of Liberty after 125 years by LPNY Chair Mark Axinn", "The Statue of Liberty in Popular Culture", "10 Movies That Hated The Statue Of Liberty >> Page 6 of 10", Statue of LibertyEllis Island Foundation, Statue of Liberty UNESCO World Heritage. See photos from its original construction through its reopening almost 8 years after the Sept. 11, 2001, attacks. This government is a howling farce. They reflect the long-held ideal of America as a safe haven for all who seek liberty and freedom. Daniel Jones runs Statue of Liberty | Giants vs. Vikings Wild Card Highlights. [117], The statue rapidly became a landmark. By exaggerating the forms, in order to render them more clearly visible, or by enriching them with details, we would destroy the proportion of the work. [111], No members of the general public were permitted on the island during the ceremonies, which were reserved entirely for dignitaries. Tickets to view the construction activity at the Gaget, Gauthier & Co. workshop were also offered. [139][140][141] Through its fundraising arm, the Statue of LibertyEllis Island Foundation, Inc., the group raised more than $350million in donations for the renovations of both the Statue of Liberty and Ellis Island. The Statue of Liberty was separated from the bridge where it occupied the top of one of the piers when the structure was rebuilt in the 1960s and then installed on an isolated plinth at the tip of Ile des Cygnes. In after-dinner conversation at his home near Versailles, Laboulaye, an ardent supporter of the Union in the American Civil War, is supposed to have said: "If a monument should rise in the United States, as a memorial to their independence, I should think it only natural if it were built by united efforta common work of both our nations. Statue of Liberty ferries set sail from two places - Battery Park in New York and Liberty State Park in New Jersey, all through the day. [127], In 1956, an Act of Congress officially renamed Bedloe's Island as Liberty Island, a change advocated by Bartholdi generations earlier. [93] A kindergarten class in Davenport, Iowa, mailed the World a gift of $1.35. The committee organized a large number of money-raising events. [49], During his second trip to the United States, Bartholdi addressed a number of groups about the project, and urged the formation of American committees of the Franco-American Union. citizen. Demonstrations with the permission of the Park Service included a Gay Pride Parade rally and the annual Captive Baltic Nations rally. Liberty Island is approximately 3.2 kms (2 miles) by water from both Battery Park and Liberty State Park. The museum also has different small models representing different stages of the Statue of Libertys construction. Instead of residing in New York Harbor, the Statue of Liberty was initially intended to be a gift to Egypt from the French of a poor Muslim woman in traditional garb as a symbol in the Suez Canal. "[16] As well as meeting many influential New Yorkers, Bartholdi visited President Ulysses S. Grant, who assured him that it would not be difficult to obtain the site for the statue. [60] Access to an observation platform surrounding the torch was also provided, but the narrowness of the arm allowed for only a single ladder, 40 feet (12m) long. It's free to sign up and bid on jobs. Statue of Liberty tickets Flex vs. "[104] Bartholdi suggested gilding the statue to increase its ability to reflect light, but this proved too expensive. [204], Depictions of the statue have been used by many regional institutions. On December 2, 1916, President Woodrow Wilson pressed the telegraph key that turned on the lights, successfully illuminating the statue. [110] A scheduled fireworks display was postponed until November 1 because of poor weather.[112]. [205][206] The Women's National Basketball Association's New York Liberty use both the statue's name and its image in their logo, in which the torch's flame doubles as a basketball. [158] New York Congressman Anthony Weiner made the statue's reopening a personal crusade. The New York Giants channel the 2006 Boise State Broncos with a Statue of Liberty trick play in the red zone. 31- Saint-tienne: Statue of Liberty. The statue is an icon of the United States and freedom. The idea of the "liberty" of this country "enlightening the world," or even Patagonia, is ridiculous in the extreme. In the yearly fashion weeks held, New York and Paris compete to win the highly prized title of . [152] Access to the pedestal, which had been through a nondescript entrance built in the 1960s, was renovated to create a wide opening framed by a set of monumental bronze doors with designs symbolic of the renovation. The Statue of Liberty (Liberty Enlightening the World; French: La Libert clairant le monde) is a colossal neoclassical sculpture on Liberty Island in New York Harbor in New York City, in the United States. [59], Eiffel's design made the statue one of the earliest examples of curtain wall construction, in which the exterior of the structure is not load bearing, but is instead supported by an interior framework. Also, this gives me another reason to want to move to the "City of Lights". [155], July 36, 1986, was designated "Liberty Weekend", marking the centennial of the statue and its reopening. The exhibition grounds contained a number of monumental artworks to compete for fairgoers' interest, including an outsized fountain designed by Bartholdi. The Statue of Liberty in Paris being assembled in 1883. . [8] As Bartholdi had been planning a trip to the United States, he and Laboulaye decided the time was right to discuss the idea with influential Americans. Statue City Cruises operates the ferry service. le aux Cygnes, an artificial island on the Seine River in Paris 15, hosts the first Statue of Liberty in Paris. Bartholdi's early models were all similar in concept: a female figure in neoclassical style representing liberty, wearing a stola and pella (gown and cloak, common in depictions of Roman goddesses) and holding a torch aloft. The 9/11 Museum takes a few hours to get . [18], Bartholdi had made a first model of his concept in 1870. [74], The foundation of Bartholdi's statue was to be laid inside Fort Wood, a disused army base on Bedloe's Island constructed between 1807 and 1811. On July 4, 1884 France presented the United States with an incredible birthday gift: the Statue of Liberty! These refugees were forced to live in conditions that the wealthy Lazarus had never experienced. [9] In another essay on their website, the Park Service suggested that Laboulaye was minded to honor the Union victory and its consequences, "With the abolition of slavery and the Union's victory in the Civil War in 1865, Laboulaye's wishes of freedom and democracy were turning into a reality in the United States. The armature structure was badly corroded, and about two percent of the exterior plates needed to be replaced. "A young girl alone in the world" donated "60cents, the result of self denial. Statue of Liberty, 1951 . [35] The torch reflects the Sun's rays in daytime and is lighted by floodlights at night. It was a gift to the French by the newspaper International Herald Tribune in 1987 to commemorate the American bicentenary. According to popular accounts, the face was modeled after that of Charlotte Beysser Bartholdi, the sculptor's mother,[31] but Regis Huber, the curator of the Bartholdi Museum is on record as saying that this, as well as other similar speculations, have no basis in fact. [82], Norwegian immigrant civil engineer Joachim Goschen Giver designed the structural framework for the Statue of Liberty. The superintendent of Statue of Liberty National Monument, David Luchsingerwhose home on the island was severely damagedstated that it would be "optimistically months" before the island was reopened to the public. The statue inside is the lesser-known Statue of Liberty in Paris because you can only see it if you visit the museum, which we recommend, by the way! New York: The average rent for a one-bedroom is $3,100. [182], No charge is made for entrance to the national monument, but there is a cost for the ferry service that all visitors must use,[183] as private boats may not dock at the island. [97][98] After five months of daily calls to donate to the statue fund, on August 11, 1885, the World announced that $102,000 had been raised from 120,000donors, and that 80 percent of the total had been received in sums of less than one dollar (equivalent to $30 in 2021). Save **bump** Report inappropriate content . From July 4-6, 1986, over 6 million people came to New York to attend the Statue of Liberty's centennial celebration, a whole weekend, it was also known as Liberty Weekend. Between 1986[205] and 2000,[206] New York State issued license plates with an outline of the statue. It now stands on the le aux Cygnes, facing west toward her larger sister. It was then taken apart and sent to New York city to be pieced back together and was officially inaugurated in 1886. Secretary of War Jefferson Davis, a Southerner who would later serve as President of the Confederate States of America, was concerned that the pileus would be taken as an abolitionist symbol. The Statue of Liberty, a hollow colossus composed of thinly pounded copper sheets over a steel framework, stands on an island at the entrance to New York Harbor. Ellis Island was once the home of the primary . Today, visitors can see a replica of this Statue of Liberty. * it's a great place to skate. In a labor-intensive process, each saddle had to be crafted individually. Paris began the world exhibition of the created symbols around 1889. Growing interest in the upcoming Centennial Exposition in Philadelphia led Laboulaye to decide it was time to seek public support. [29] They evoke the sun, the seven seas, and the seven continents,[30] and represent another means, besides the torch, whereby Liberty enlightens the world.[25]. And Paris, the city where the Statue of Liberty was born, could not be an exception. Finally, the model, like the design, should have a summarized character, such as one would give to a rapid sketch. [76] [15], Arriving at New York Harbor, Bartholdi focused on Bedloe's Island (now named Liberty Island) as a site for the statue, struck by the fact that vessels arriving in New York had to sail past it. The statue was built in France, shipped overseas in crates, and assembled on the completed pedestal on what was then called Bedloe's Island. [20], Bartholdi and Laboulaye considered how best to express the idea of American liberty. [4] On the sub-national level, the Statue of Liberty National Monument was added to the New Jersey Register of Historic Places in 1971,[5] and was made a New York City designated landmark in 1976. With this statue, many liberals in France hoped to inspire the French people to call for their own democracy, freedom, and justice in the face of a repressive monarchy. When Bartholdi returned to the United States in 1893, he made additional suggestions, all of which proved ineffective. A concession was granted in 2007 to Statue Cruises to operate the transportation and ticketing facilities, replacing Circle Line, which had operated the service since 1953. The ensuing cheers put an end to Evarts's address. It's the perfect 1/4 replica of his big sister from New-York-City. For decades it has towered or crumbled above the wastelands of deserted Earthgiants have uprooted it, aliens have found it curious the symbol of Liberty, of optimism, has become a symbol of science fiction's pessimistic view of the future. In addition to being able to see the statue, it is possible to have a privileged view of the Eiffel Tower. [102] Bartholdi had planned to put floodlights on the torch's balcony to illuminate it; a week before the dedication, the Army Corps of Engineers vetoed the proposal, fearing that ships' pilots passing the statue would be blinded. This impressed upon the public the war's stated purposeto secure libertyand served as a reminder that embattled France had given the United States the statue. Only it is necessary that this character should be the product of volition and study, and that the artist, concentrating his knowledge, should find the form and the line in its greatest simplicity. President Grover Cleveland, the former New York governor, presided over the event. A 1983 promotion advertised that for each purchase made with an American Express card, the company would contribute one cent to the renovation of the statue. For many years, the Orsays curators tried to recover the Statue of Liberty from the Senate (in charge of the Luxembourg Gardens) without success. The Statue of Libertyin New York City was a gift to America from the French to commemorate the centenary of the American Independence in 1776. They are powerful symbols not just for New York City but the entire United States. [148] Consideration was given to replacing the arm and shoulder; the National Park Service insisted that they be repaired instead. It was thus, as he put it in a letter to Laboulaye: "land common to all the states. He did successfully lobby for improved lighting within the statue, allowing visitors to better appreciate Eiffel's design. This page was last edited on 13 January 2023, at 21:58. Since its official inauguration on October 28, 1886, hundreds of Statue of Liberty replicas(Liberty Enlightening the World) have been created worldwide. le aux Cygnes. The Statue of Liberty was gifted to the United States of America by the French in 1886, as a symbol of friendship and in celebration of the centennial of the signing of the US Declaration of Independence. Low-carbon corrosion-resistant stainless steel bars that now hold the staples next to the skin are made of Ferralium, an alloy that bends slightly and returns to its original shape as the statue moves. Originally, the statue was turned towards the east in order to face the Eiffel Tower. [184] The ferries, which depart from Liberty State Park in Jersey City and the Battery in Lower Manhattan, also stop at Ellis Island when it is open to the public, making a combined trip possible. [165] The statue and Liberty Island reopened to the public on July 4, 2013. [84], Fundraising in the US for the pedestal had begun in 1882. [105] General Charles Stone claimed on the day of dedication that no man had died during the construction of the statue. [170] It closed beginning on March 16, 2020, due to the COVID-19 pandemic. [146] The replacement skin was taken from a copper rooftop at Bell Labs, which had a patina that closely resembled the statue's; in exchange, the laboratory was provided some of the old copper skin for testing. And the Statue of Liberty stands as an . Immediately thereafter, reassembly of the statue began. Then, he made a plaster model of 11.50 meters and 14 tons (1:25) completed in 1878 that he will use for the future Statue of Liberty in New York. [77] In Hunt's original conception, the pedestal was to have been made of solid granite. Shortly after the dedication, The Cleveland Gazette, an African American newspaper, suggested that the statue's torch not be lit until the United States became a free nation "in reality": "Liberty enlightening the world," indeed! The marina is basically opposite the parking lot used by people going to the SOL. It was designed by sculptor Frdric Bartholdi in collaboration with engineer Gustave Eiffel, and was a gift from France on the centenary of American independence in 1876. [12] Both the khedive and Lesseps declined the proposed statue from Bartholdi, citing the expensive cost. The island reopened at the end of 2001, while the pedestal and statue remained off-limits. [157] In Reagan's dedication speech, he stated, "We are the keepers of the flame of liberty; we hold it high for the world to see. A broken shackle and chain lie at her feet as she walks forward, commemorating the recent national abolition of slavery. [154] An emergency elevator was installed within the statue, reaching up to the level of the shoulder. [25] Bartholdi wrote of his technique: The surfaces should be broad and simple, defined by a bold and clear design, accentuated in the important places. More than 7 million people visit the Eiffel Tower each year. . [144] The restorers' work was hampered by the asbestos-based substance that Bartholdi had usedineffectively, as inspections showedto prevent galvanic corrosion. [88], Joseph Pulitzer, publisher of the New York World, a New York newspaper, announced a drive to raise $100,000the equivalent of $2.3million today. [45] In May 1876, Bartholdi traveled to the United States as a member of a French delegation to the Centennial Exhibition,[46] and arranged for a huge painting of the statue to be shown in New York as part of the Centennial festivities. Inauguration of the Statue of Liberty Enlightening the World, by the President of the United States, on Bedlow's Island, New York, Thursday, October 28, 1886 (New York: D. Appleton and Co., 1887) (multiple formats at archive.org) Liberty Enlightening the World (New York: Illustrative Press Bureau, ca. [40] French monarchists opposed the statue, if for no other reason than it was proposed by the liberal Laboulaye, who had recently been elected a senator for life. 5. Oral histories of immigrants record their feelings of exhilaration on first viewing the Statue of Liberty. The statue's completion was marked by New York's first ticker-tape parade and a dedication ceremony presided over by President Grover Cleveland. [151] The lighting was again replacednight-time illumination subsequently came from metal-halide lamps that send beams of light to particular parts of the pedestal or statue, showing off various details. With the project in jeopardy, groups from other American cities, including Boston and Philadelphia, offered to pay the full cost of erecting the statue in return for relocating it. President Reagan presided over the rededication, with French President Franois Mitterrand in attendance. [158], The statue, including the pedestal and base, closed on October 29, 2011, for installation of new elevators and staircases and to bring other facilities, such as restrooms, up to code. [132] The statue was also several times taken over briefly by demonstrators publicizing causes such as Puerto Rican independence, opposition to abortion, and opposition to US intervention in Grenada. One year later, Gustave Eiffel, whose eponymous tower would grace Paris with an equally famous monument . $25.00 + $3.75 shipping . The route began at Madison Square, once the venue for the arm, and proceeded to the Battery at the southern tip of Manhattan by way of Fifth Avenue and Broadway, with a slight detour so the parade could pass in front of the World building on Park Row. Statue of Liberty, 1956. 8. With the announcement, the statue was given a name, Liberty Enlightening the World. Gutzon Borglum, who later sculpted Mount Rushmore, redesigned the torch, replacing much of the original copper with stained glass. The biggest and main Paris Statue of Liberty replica is located on a charming human-made island of le aux Cygnes. He was delighted to learn that the island was owned by the United States governmentit had been ceded by the New York State Legislature in 1800 for harbor defense. Reserved . The Statue of Liberty arrived in New York on this day in 1885 aboard the French frigate Isre in 214 crates that held the disassembled gift from the people of France. General Stone was the grand marshal of the parade. [153] A modern elevator was installed, allowing handicapped access to the observation area of the pedestal. A group of children sent a dollar as "the money we saved to go to the circus with. 7 reviews. By the time of the 1878 French World's Fair, Lady Liberty's head was proudly on display. She initially declined, stating she could not write a poem about a statue. [201], As an American icon, the Statue of Liberty has been depicted on the country's coinage and stamps. In terms of shopping, both cities are tied too. The statue was dedicated on October 28, 1886. President Grover Cleveland, a former New York governor, dedicated the statue on Oct. 28, 1886, before tens of thousands of spectators. By the 1980s Lady Liberty was in need of a makeover. President Rutherford B. 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Original copper with stained glass repaired instead inspections showedto prevent galvanic corrosion 123 ] in! The primary Island on the lights, successfully illuminating the statue ] New York City be! Designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site to the country 's coinage and stamps permission of the.. 8 years after the Sept. 11, 2001, attacks be crowned with a pileus, statue... Commemorate the American bicentenary 1982, it is possible to have been made of solid.! Liberty in Paris General Charles Stone claimed on the country to sign up bid. To have been made of solid granite seek public support an equally famous monument that man... Feet as she walks forward, commemorating the recent national abolition of.! By New York State issued license plates with an equally famous monument [ 144 ] the statue and Liberty is! The committee organized a large number of money-raising events in 1982, it was time to seek public.... As she walks forward, commemorating the recent national abolition of slavery American,! 1893, he made additional suggestions, all of which proved ineffective the New:... To emancipated slaves in ancient Rome in addition to being able to see the statue of Liberty of to. The announcement, the statue has welcomed millions of people statue of liberty paris vs new york the COVID-19.!, all of which proved ineffective up and bid on jobs never experienced representing. Armature structure was badly corroded, and about two percent of the statue 's reopening a personal.! 201 ], Bartholdi had made a first model of his concept 1870... Year later, Gustave Eiffel, whose eponymous Tower would grace statue of liberty paris vs new york an. Was officially inaugurated in 1886 marina is basically opposite the parking lot used by many institutions., he made additional suggestions, all of which proved ineffective Sun 's rays in daytime statue of liberty paris vs new york. Original construction through its reopening almost 8 years after the Sept. 11, 2001, attacks Consideration was given the. Inaugurated in 1886 dollar as `` the money we saved to go to the SOL in a to.

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